Movement of the Foot

The triplanar movements of the foot are as follows, transverse plane adduction/abduction, frontal plane inversion/eversion, and sagittal plane dorsiflexion/plantarflexion. These movements can further compound into the positions of supination/pROM, up to 5 degrees.

Frontal Motion
Frontal motions occur primarily in the subtalar joint and approximately at a 1:1 ratio with transverse plane motion.

Inversion is movement of the plantar surface medially. ROM, up to 35 degrees.

Eversion is movement of the plantar surface late rally. ROM, up to 25 degrees.

Sagittal Motion
Sagittal motions occur primarily in the talocrural joint.

Dorsiflexion (true flexion) is movement of the foot upwards, towards the tibia. ROM, up to 18 degrees.

Plantarflexion (extension) is movement of the foot downwards, away from the tibia. ROM, up to 40 degrees.